懂事不够，要懂人

老CC

Becoming a Better Judge of People
懂事不够，要懂人
In business and in life, the most critical choices we make relate to people. Yet being a good judge of people is difficult. How do we get better at sizing up first impressions, at avoiding hiring mistakes, at correctly picking (and not missing) rising stars?
在工作和生活中，最关键的选择都跟人有关。但是懂事难，懂人更难，怎么用好第一印象，披沙拣金呢？
The easy thing to do is focus on extrinsic markers — academic scores, net worth, social status, job titles. Social media has allowed us to add new layers of extrinsic scoring: How many friends do they have on Facebook? Who do we know in common through LinkedIn? How many Twitter followers do they have?
最简单的做法是关注外部的特征——学历、地位、名头等。数字时代，有更多层的外部特征，QQ上有多少好友？谁是我们的共同好友？他的微博有多少粉丝？
But such extrinsic credentials and markers only tell one part of a person's story. They are necessary, but not sufficient. What they miss are the "softer" and more nuanced intrinsic that are far more defining of a person's character. You can teach skills; character and attitude, not so much.
但是这些外部特征只是一方面，并不充分。它忽略了“软”的微妙的内在特质，而这些特质却是一个人更本质的特征。你能教给别人部分技能，性格，态度，但是很难。
Judging on extrinsic and skill-based factors is a relatively objective and straightforward exercise. Gauging softer traits such as will or attitude is much, much harder, and takes one-on-one contact, attentive listening, and careful observation. That's why it's important to approach a job interview more as an attitudinal audition than a question-and-answer period around skills.
按照外部特征和技能因素来判断一个人，相对客观、直观，测量“软”特征，像愿望、态度等就难的多，需要一对一面对面的接触，认真的倾听和仔细的观察。面试不仅仅是一个关于技能的问卷调查。

Over the years, I have been collecting and reflecting upon questions that have helped me improve my people judgment, especially around personality and attitude. Here are ten key questions to help you better understand the intrinsic "why" and "how" behind a person:
这些年，我收集并回顾了一些问题，这些帮我提高对人的判断力，特别是关于个性和态度方面。这里有10个关键问题，可以帮你更好的理解一个人内在的东西。
1. What is the talk-to-listen ratio? You want people who are self-confident and not afraid to express their views, but if the talk-to-listen ratio is anything north of 60%, you want to ask why. Is it because this person is self-important and not interested in learning from others — or just because he is nervous and rambling?
1、他的说/听比率？你想要自信的人，不害怕表达他们的观点，但是如果这个人说的太多，你最好想象为什么。这个人太自恋也没有兴趣从别人身上学习呢？或者只是他太紧张了呢？
2. Is this an energy-giver or -taker? There is a certain breed of people who just carry with them and unfortunately spread a negative energy. You know who they are. Alternatively, there are those who consistently carry and share a positivity and optimism towards life. There is a Chinese proverb that says that the best way to get energy is to give it. Energy-givers are compassionate, generous and the type of people with whom you immediately want to spend time.
2、正能量还是负能量？有人充满负能量，有人饱含正能量。有句中国谚语：果欲取之，必先予之。有正能量的人充满活力，慷慨，你很愿意跟他们在一起。
3. Is this person likely to "act" or "react" to a task? Some people immediately go into defensive, critical mode when given a new task. Others jump right into action and problem-solving mode. For most jobs, it's the second kind you want.
3、主动还是被动？遇到新任务时，有人抗拒、敌对，有人采取行动，解决问题。大部分工作，你都需要后者。
4. Does this person feel authentic or obsequious? There is nothing flattering about false praise, or people trying too hard to impress. Really good people don't feel the need to "suck up." Those who can just be themselves are more pleasant to work with.
4、正直的还是马屁精？无事献殷勤，非奸即盗。真的好人不需要谄媚，与那些能够堂堂正正做自己的人在一起工作，是比较开心的。
5. What's the spouse like? One of my business partners gave me a great tip for interviewing a super important hire — go out with their spouse, partner, or closest friend. We are known by the company we keep.
5、他老婆咋样？ 我的一个朋友告诉我一个识人的窍门——跟他们的老婆、朋友或者伙伴出去走走，这些人熟悉他。
6. How does this person treat someone she doesn't know? At the other end of the spectrum, observe how a person treats someone she barely knows. This is what I call a "taxi driver or server test." Does the person have the openness and yes, kindness, to have a real conversation with a waiter at a restaurant or the driver of a taxi? Does she ignore them or treat them rudely?
6、这个人怎么对待陌生人？另一方面，观察一个人怎么对待陌生人，比如的哥，服务员。这个人会开放的、友好的跟一个服务员或者的哥进行真正的沟通吗？他会忽视他们或者粗鲁的对待他们吗？
7 Is there an element of struggle in the person's history? History matters. In our research for the book, Heart, Smarts, Guts, and Luck (Harvard Business Review Press, 2012), my co-authors and I found that around two-thirds of people who were "Guts-dominant" — those who had the desire to initiate and the ability to persevere so crucial in entrepreneurial ventures — had some financial hardship or other challenges in their formative years. Early failures and hardships shape one's character as much or more than early successes.
7、他曾经沧海吗？失败是成功之母。
8. What has this person been reading? Reading gives depth, helps one understand one's history, frames ideas, sparks new thoughts and nuances to existing perspectives, and keeps you apprised of current events. It's a generalization, but the more interesting people I have met tend to read a lot — it's a mark of intellectual curiosity.
8、他读了什么书？一般说来，读书让人有深度，帮你理解一个人的历史，整理思路，刺激新思维等等，但是从我的经验来说，多读书的人也更有意思——这是求知欲的表现。
9. Would you ever want to go on a long car ride with this person? This is a variant of the "airport test." Years ago at my first job, I was told about the thought-experiment of asking if you were stuck at an airport with a candidate, how would you really feel? In a similar fashion, is this the type of person with whom you could imagine going on a cross-country drive?
9、你愿意跟这样的人共同远足吗？
10. Do you believe that this person is self-aware? My colleagues and I believe the most important pre-requisite to great leadership is self-awareness. Does this person have an intellectual honesty about who he is and his strengths and weaknesses? Does she have a desire to learn and take appropriate actions based on that awareness? It is usually a more difficult question to answer than the rest — but look for humility, and congruence between what the person thinks, says, and does.
10、这个人自我意识咋样？自我意识是一个优秀人才的先决条件。这个人清楚他的优缺点吗？他愿意针对这些自我意识，进行学习并采取行动吗？

Ask these ten questions about someone, or even a subset of them, and you'll be on a path to being a better judge of people.

Q168

In business and in life, the most critical choices we make relate to people.
首先跟对人，然后做对事， first following right man, second doing right thing.