采购质量控制 Procurement Quality Control

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供应商调查：

• 首先要对潜在供应商进行全面的调查，包括供应商的生产能力、技术水平、质量管理体系等方面。例如，通过查阅供应商的营业执照、生产许可证等证件，了解其合法性和经营范围。还可以实地考察供应商的生产车间，观察其设备的先进程度、生产环境的整洁程度等
  

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Supplier investigation:
Firstly, a comprehensive investigation should be conducted on potential suppliers, including their production capacity, technical level, quality management system, and other aspects. For example, by consulting suppliers' business licenses, production permits, and other documents, one can understand their legality and business scope. You can also conduct on-site inspections of the supplier's production workshop to observe the advanced level of their equipment and the cleanliness of the production environment

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供应商评估标准：

• 质量体系认证是一个重要的评估指标，如 ISO 9001 质量管理体系认证，表明供应商在质量管理方面有一定的规范和保障。同时，要考察供应商的产品质量历史记录，包括以往客户的反馈、产品的合格率等。例如，一家食品企业在选择原材料供应商时，会查看其过去产品的检测报告，了解是否有过食品安全问题.
  

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Supplier evaluation criteria:
Quality system certification is an important evaluation indicator, such as ISO 9001 quality management system certification, which indicates that suppliers have certain standards and guarantees in quality management. At the same time, it is necessary to examine the supplier's product quality history, including past customer feedback, product qualification rates, etc. For example, when a food company selects raw material suppliers, it will review their past product testing reports to understand if there have been any food safety issues

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供应商审核：

• 可以定期或不定期对供应商进行审核。内部审核可以由企业自己的采购、质量等部门人员组成审核小组，按照既定的审核标准对供应商进行检查。外部审核可以聘请专业的第三方审核机构，对供应商进行更为客观公正的评估
  

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Supplier audit:
Suppliers can be audited regularly or irregularly. Internal audits can be conducted by an audit team composed of personnel from the company's own procurement, quality, and other departments to inspect suppliers according to established audit standards. External audits can hire professional third-party audit agencies to conduct more objective and fair evaluations of suppliers

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明确质量标准：

• 在采购合同中必须明确产品或服务的质量标准。对于实物产品，要详细规定产品的规格、型号、性能指标等。例如，在采购钢材时，要明确钢材的型号（如 Q235、Q345 等）、尺寸公差范围、力学性能（如屈服强度、抗拉强度等）等质量参数。对于服务采购，要规定服务的内容、质量要求和验收标准
  

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Clear quality standards:
The quality standards of the product or service must be clearly defined in the procurement contract. For physical products, detailed specifications, models, performance indicators, etc. should be specified. For example, when purchasing steel, it is necessary to clarify the quality parameters such as the steel model (such as Q235, Q345, etc.), dimensional tolerance range, and mechanical properties (such as yield strength, tensile strength, etc.). For service procurement, it is necessary to specify the content, quality requirements, and acceptance standards of the services

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• 进货检验：
  • 企业可以采用多种检验方式，如全数检验和抽样检验。全数检验是对采购的产品逐个进行检查，适用于对质量要求极高且批量较小的产品。例
    
• 验收标准和流程：
  • 验收标准要与采购合同中的质量标准一致。验收流程通常包括检验产品的外观、尺寸、性能等方面。
    
  
  

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Incoming inspection:
Enterprises can adopt various inspection methods, such as full inspection and sampling inspection. Full inspection refers to the individual inspection of purchased products, suitable for products with extremely high quality requirements and small batch sizes. example
Acceptance criteria and procedures:
The acceptance criteria should be consistent with the quality standards in the procurement contract. The acceptance process usually includes inspecting the appearance, size, performance, and other aspects of the product.