职业女性升职难的真正原因

Q168

Availability matters. It's important to differentiate between availability and absolute time commitments. Many professional women would happily agree to check email even seven days a week and jump in, if necessary, for intense project stints -- so long as over the course of a year, the time devoted to work is more limited. Managers need to be clear about what's needed: 24/7 availability is not the same thing as a 24/7 workload.

第三，“可工作时间”很关键。区分“可工作时间”和“绝对工作时长”，这点非常重要。只要一年下来总工作时长有限度，许多职业女性甚至都乐意接受每周七天都查邮件，并且有必要的话也会迅速投入到紧张的项目中去。管理层需要清楚公司要的是什么：7天24小时都“有空”和7天24小时的工作量可不一样。

Q168

Quality is the goal, not quantity. Leaders need to create a culture in which talented people are judged not by the quantity of their work, but by the quality of their contributions. This can't be hollow blather. Someone who works 20 hours a week and who delivers exceptional results on a pro rata basis should be eligible for promotions and viewed as a top performer. American corporations need to get rid of the notion that wanting to work less makes someone a 'B player.'

第四，目标是质量而不是数量。领导者需要营造一种文化，即按工作质量而非数量去评判优秀人才。这可不是没用的空话。每周工作20小时、业绩按比例来说非常突出的员工应该有晋升的资格，而且应被视为业绩优秀人员。美国公司需要摒弃那种希望工作量少的人就是“二流员工”的观念。

Q168

Promoting this kind of innovation, where companies start to look more like puzzles than pyramids, has to become part of feminism's new agenda. It's the only way to give millions of capable women the ability to recalibrate the time that they devote to work at different stages of their lives.

当公司看上去越来越像是拼图而不是金字塔的时候，促进这种创新必将成为女权主义新议题的一部分。这是唯一能让数百万优秀女性在人生不同阶段得以调整工作时长的方法。

Q168

We have been putting smart women on the couch for 40 years, since psychologist Matina Horner published her famous studies on 'fear of success.' But the portion of top jobs that go to women is still shockingly low. That's the irony of Ms. Sandberg's cheerleading for women to stay ambitious: She fails to see that her own agenda isn't nearly ambitious enough.

自40年前心理学家马蒂娜•霍纳(Matina Horner)发表其著名的“成功恐惧”研究以来，我们就一直在鼓励聪明的女性走入职场。但担任高级职位的女性依然少之又少。这是对桑伯格鼓励女性保持雄心壮志的讽刺：她没有看到她自己的想法一点都不够雄心壮志。

Q168

'Leaning in' may help the relative handful of talented women who can live with the way that top jobs are structured today -- and if that's their choice, more power to them. But only a small percentage of women will choose this route. Until the rest of us get serious about altering the way work gets done in American corporations, we're destined to howl at the moon over the injustice of it all while changing almost nothing.

“全身心投入”也许可以帮助相对少数可以忍受目前这种高级职位结构的优秀女性──而且如果这是她们的选择，我们应该鼓励。但只有少数女性会选择这条路。除非我们其他人开始认真考虑改变美国企业的工作方式，否则我们注定只能怒嚎所有的这些不公待遇，但实际上什么都改变不了。

Q168

staff [stɑ:f, stæf] video n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑adj. 职员的；行政工作的vt. 供给人员；给…配备职员vi. 雇用工作人员
innovation [,inəu'veiʃən] video n. 创新，革新；新方法
commitment [kə'mitmənt] video n. 承诺，保证；委托；承担义务；献身
physic ['fizik] video vt. 给…服药；治愈n. 医学；药品（特指泻药）
diagnose ['daiəɡnəuz, ,daiəɡ'nəuz] video vt. 诊断；断定vi. 诊断；判断
psychologist [psai'kɔlədʒist] video n. 心理学家，心理学者
ambitious [æm'biʃəs] video adj. 野心勃勃的；有雄心的；热望的；炫耀的
ambition [æm'biʃən] video n. 野心，雄心；抱负，志向vt. 追求；有…野心
couch [kautʃ] video n. 睡椅，长沙发；床；卧榻vi. 蹲伏，埋伏；躺着vt. 使躺下；表达；弯下
assumption [ə'sʌmpʃən] video n. 假定；设想；担任；采取